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Glossary · History & People

First state capitol

The two-story adobe on Market Plaza where California’s first Legislature met from December 1849; San Jose was the seat of government until 1851.

Frederic Hall described the building as sixty feet long and forty wide, with the Assembly upstairs and the Senate chamber below. The town first agreed to rent it, then decided to buy it, and nineteen citizens signed a note for the price; the Legislature later voted bonds to pay for it. It burned on April 29, 1853.

Lawmakers grumbled about the town’s lodgings from the first week, and in 1851 the capital moved to land offered by Mariano Vallejo at what is now Benicia.

Sources

Questions people ask

Was San Jose really California’s first capital?

Yes. The first Legislature met there in December 1849, and San Jose was the seat of government until 1851.

Where did the capitol stand?

On the east side of Market Plaza; the Circle of Palms marks the site.

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